For an organisation to realise the greatest benefit from its patent portfolio, the portfolio needs to evolve in tandem with the business that owns it, adjusting and adapting to industry developments, emerging technologies, and business areas of focus and growth. To maximise the return on investment of a portfolio, it should be monitored regularly to ensure a continued match with business objectives, effective coverage in desired areas, and to identify and take action on low-value patents to minimise maintenance costs.